Objective To explore the effective strategies for strengthening malaria control and prevention for ethnic minorities in the remote and poor mountainous areas. Methods Community mobilization, biomedical and behavioral intervention for malaria control were undertaken to promote the local residents economical, geographical, informational and cultural accessibility. Results The residents’knowledge on malaria transmission and prevention, symptoms and medical consultation got increased significantly. Compared with the parameters before the intervention，the odds ratios(OR)of people sleeping in insecticide- treated mosquito nets(ITNs)the night before the final evaluation survey, febrile patients seeking medical attention within 24 hours of onset, and utilizing the public health services for treatment were 37.85%(95％CI: 27.69%-51.88%), 22.28%(6.06%-96.87%) and 7.94%(1.78%-49.54%)respectively. The OR of the annual incidence, the smear positive rate of febrile patients and the indirect fluorescence antibody positive rate of people with a history of fever in the past year were 0.16%(0.08%-0.32%), 0.20% (0.10%-0.39%)and 0.34%(0.22%-0.51%)respectively. Conclusion Community mobilization in combination with biomedical and behavioral interventions for the control and prevention of malaria can effectively lower the incidence and prevalence of malaria in the local area.

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the strategies promoting the use of insecticide?treated mosquito nets （ITNs）among ethnic minority residents by behavior change communication（BCC）. Methods The knowledge and awareness of target population on malaria control was increased by intensive health education. The environment leading to behavior change was created by community mobilization. High subsidies were supplied and material barriers were overcame. Results Person?net ratios were changed from 12.67∶1 to 1.64∶1 after intervention. The knowledge known by population on malaria transmission and prevention got improved significantly (P＜0.01). Proportions of people sleeping in nets were increased from 16.11％(95％ confidence interval：14.94%-17.33％) to 87.91％(84.56%-90.74%) (P＜0.01) after intervention. Conclusion BCC strategies successfully promoted corrective use of ITNs, decreasing malaria incidence and prevalence with other measures together.

Objective:To explore effective measures of rodent control at hotel and restaurant.Methods:Rodent density investigation was carried out by the methods of rodent inferestation inquiring,rodent tracing and catching rats with cages and slips,the methods of chemistry,physics,and environmental control and qualified rodent prevention equipments were adopted to control rodent comprehensively.Results:Rodent inferestation was reduced effectively after a year,rodent density dropped from 17.1% to 4.1%,by the methods of perfecting rodent prevention equipments,physics,chemistry and environmental control.Conclusion:Comprehensive control was the most effective measures for rodent control at hotel and restaurant.The way which perfecting rodent prevention equipment and environmental control are focal point of the work for rodent control can get better result with less effort.

This paper reports season variation of fly at Kunming airport. 10 species of fly were captured. Musca domestica Linnaeus was dominating species. The peak of fly density was from March to July. The peaks of Aldrichina grahami aldrich, Lucilia sericata ( Meigen) and Parasacophaga crassipalpis ( Macq.) were in July.

In order to know rat distribution and regular growth and decline ,to provide scientific basis for rat control, an investigation of rats was carrid out at Kunming airport during April of 1997 to March of 1998.Rats were caught with cages and clips and rat density was measured by the method which rat cages and clips were put in the early evening and fetched in the next morning once a month. A total of 305 rats were caught, and subordinate to 2 orders 3 families 5 genera 6 species. Rat density was 23.0%(305/1 328), Rattus norvegicus is a species of superior rat at Kunming airport. There are two peak periods of rat density in the year ,June to August and February to April, respectively.The species and their composition ratio are listed below: Rattus norvegicus 58.0% (177/305), R. flavipectus 17.8%(54/305), Mus musculusv 2.6%(8/305), Eothenomys miletus 1.3%(4/305), Apodemus cheverieri 11.5%(35/305) and Suncus murinus 8.9%(27/305). Domestic rats were of main kinds, 78.4 %(239/305),wild rats 21.6%(66/305). The result showed that rat infestation was very serious at Kunming airport.It is very necessary to take effective measures and scientific methods to exterminate rats to reduce rat density.